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The first discovery concerns with the law of Aristotle, who said, that a heavier object falls faster than a lighter one. 2.000 years ago, the people believed his idea, because it seemed logical to them. Many centuries later – in the 17th century – Galileo Galilei tested this law by dropping two balls with different masses from the tower of Pisa. The conclusion of this experiment was that both balls had the same speed and reached the floor at the same time. He explains this phenomenon with the effect of the air resistance. The air resistance makes a light object more slowly than a heavy one.
This experiment was the beginning of testing laws of science and leads to the understanding of acceleration that is caused by gravitation. Later, when the people were able to get to the moon, they repeated this experiment there using a hammer and a feather. Both objects hit the ground on the same time.
Many years later – when Galileo died, Isaac Newton was born. When he saw an apple falling from a tree, he started wondering, why the apple falls from the tree and why the moon moves around the earth.
Soon he determined that there is a certain force influencing the moon and the apple. This force is called the gravitational force. Newton said that the moon tries to travel in a straight line through the space, but because of the gravitational force the earth sends out, the moon gets pulled back and is kept in an orbit. But the moon itself also exerts a pull on the earth which causes ebb and flow. Spencer R. Weart explains this incidence, by telling that the water of the ocean that is near to the moon feels a greater pull than the water on the other side. This causes the water to be a little bit pulled out. And because of the earth’s rotation, the affected area of that force changes, which leads to ebb and flow.
Newton also formulated the laws of motion, which explain the movement of all physical objects. There are three laws and all of them can be demonstrated by incidents concerning ice hockey.